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Abstract:   PAPIST CONSPIRACIES IN ENGLAND BETWEEN 1570 AND 1679 The history of English Catholicism is also the history of a series of plots and conspiracies, both real and alleged. Among these conspiracies, a number were actually planned by several English Catholics and took the form of insurrections, rebellions and attack against the government. Others, of greater or lesser likelihood, were imagined by English Protestant public opinion and magnified for propaganda purposes, first by the Crown’s “secret service”, and later by the opposition. Both the conspiracies with a basis in truth and those largely invented had a fundamental role in shaping the image of English Catholics as a dangerous group to be mistrusted ad feared in the eyes of majority of the country’s population.