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Abstract: This article deals with public assistance in the Nineteenth Century in the Principato Citra, where, until the mid-nineteenth century, many welfare projects were launched. The government only partially supported such initiatives. In Salerno was realized the male orphanage, which resulted, with Giovinazzo’s, the most dynamic of the kingdom. The brefrophy, however, was closed due to lack of funding, which also prevented the construction of the orphanage for girls. A male orphanage was opened up in Salerno and Giovinazzo, if carried out by further research work, would prove that provincial administrations were more efficient during the second Bourbon period, in meeting the demands of the citizens, unlike the 18th century, when embryonic peripheral administrations were accused by Zurlo of having failed their reformist plan. The central power, which at the end of the eighteenth century implemented some reforms, developed during the French period, proved inadequate in meeting provincial instances, for reasons that can not always be attributed to financial constraints. 

Keywords: Kingdom of the Two Siciles; Principato Citra; Public Assistance; Abandoned Children; Brephotrophy and Orphanage