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Abstract: The art and cultural heritage has been playing a primary role in developing the Turkish national identity since the hard time of the Ottoman Empire’s decline at the end of 19th century. The scenario we observe at is marked by the theme of transition from a concept of a true «ottoman» museum to one conceived during the Republican Era, where new possibilities of increase become feasible through the investments of the private sector. The research aims at identifying the museological institutions existing in Istanbul by focusing on recent experiences which have been addressed to heritage valorisation. The Museum concept based on the idea of social laboratory, expression of the modernisation that has taken place in a unique urban context.